- Maximal Diagnostic Accuracy in Virtual Telepathology System according to Input Device and Video Signal.
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Rae Woong Park, Hee Jae Joo, Hyunee Yim, Yoon Mi Jin, Kyi Beom Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(12):1191-1198.
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- Varieties of telepathology system had been developed and in use, but their functional capability and diagnostic accuracy are considered to be inferior to those of conventional optical microscope. This study is intended to find out: 1) the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility rate according to the input devices and the video signals; 2) any potential technical problems of the telepathology system; 3) any possible physical and psychological impacts. We devised a virtual telepathology system using our existing microscope equipped with CCD camera unit that has no restriction of network speed.
Total fifty-five surgical pathology cases from 11 different organs were selected. Three pathologists were involved in making diagnoses. The resulting diagnostic accuracies were: 1 CCD camera with composite video signal was 86.2%; 3 CCD camera with composite video signal was 93.1%; 3 CCD camera with component video signal was 95.0%. The 3 CCD camera with component video signal resulted in 95.0% diagnostic accuracy and was superior to 1 CCD camera with composite video signal. Some technical problems noted during this study were: the visual field of the virtual telepathology system was smaller by 43% than that of microscope; the difference of cell sizes between microscope and monitor; low resolution of image. Some physical and psychological symptoms were noted.
- Multiple Angiomyolipoma of the Liver: Report of a Case with Diagnosis by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology.
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Hyu Lee Yim, Kwang Wha Park, Kyi Beom Lee
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1998;9(1):79-84.
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- Angiomyolipoma(AML) of the liver is a rare benign tumor; about 60 cases, almost solitary, have been reported. We present here a extremely rare case of multiple AML in the liver diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
Two large masses were found in a 51 year-old woman complaining of abdominal discomfort by computed tomography and several smaller masses are scattered in the liver. FNAC was performed, showing bundles of spindle shaped smooth muscle cells intermingled with mature fat cells. FNAC may be a valuable method for definitive diagnosis of hepatic AML.
The diagnosis was further confirmed by histologic examination with immunohistochemical studies.
- Congenital Immature Teratoma arising from the Tongue: Report of an autopsy case.
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Jung Hoon Yoon, Kyi Beom Lee, Chan Il Park
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Korean J Pathol. 1986;20(2):187-190.
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- Congenital immature teratoma of the tongue is a exceedingly rare form of epignathus. We report here an autopsy case of a huge immature teratoma protruding from the tongue of a newborn female infant. The mass obstructed the mouth and caused hydramnios. The mother's serum level of alpha-fetoprotein was elevated, and the tumor was identified by a ultrasonogram subsequently done. Discussion on the histogenesis of epignathus was made through a review of literatures.
- Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of the Lung: A report of 3 cases.
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Kyi Beom Lee, Woo Hee Jung, In Joon Choi
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1985;19(4):431-437.
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- Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung is a rare form of congenital cystic disease of the lung and associated with developmental arrest of bronchioles in embryonic life. We report 3 cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation which are classified as type I, II and III according to the morphological classification by Stocker et al. The first case was a 6-year-old female with a mass in the lower lobe of the right lung. The mass was composed of several cysts which were filled with inflammatory exudate and lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (type I + II). The second case was a 4-year-old female with a mass in the middle lobe of the right lung. It was composed of numerous small cysts which were uniform sized and contained inflammatory exudate. These were lined by ciliated columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelium (type II). The third case was a stillborn female at 27 weeks of gestation. There was generalized edema and severe ascites. The left lower lobe consisted of an ill-defined solid area and small cysts. The solid lesion was composed of bronchiole-sized cysts lined by non-ciliated cuboidal epithelium (type II + III).
- The Patterns of Invasion and Lymph Node Metastasis of Stomach Cancer by Histopathological Types.
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Kyi Beom Lee, Kwang Kil Lee, Yoo Bock Lee
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1985;19(3):313-324.
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- Stomach cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm among Korean men and considered as one of the most important malignant disease in many countries. Thus, many studies have been established about factors affecting prognosis of stomach cancer. These include studies of histopathological pattern which were performed by Mulligan and Rember (1954), Lauren (1965), Ming (1977), and Teglbjerg and Vetner(1977).
The present study is aimed to evaluate the useful factors to predict the prognosis of patient of stomach cancer in relation to the histopathological patterns. The material consisted of 284 cases which were diagnosed as gastric carcinoma at the Department of Pathology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine from January, 1981 through December, 1982. After the classification of gastric carcinoma by Ming (1977), Willis (1967), and Mulligan and Rember (1954), age and six of the patients, histopathologic patterns, depth of invasion, degree and major component of inflammatory reaction, lymphatic permeation and metastatic incidence to the regional lymph nodes were investigated, and the results obtained were as follows; 1) The overall male to female ratio was 1.4 : 1 and mean age was 51.6 years old. The mean age of patients with EGC was 46.8 years old, while that of patients with invasive cancer was 52.2 years old, indicating about 5 years difference. 2) The classification of 284 cases by Ming's method showed 36.3% of expanding type and 63.7% of infiltrative one. The incidence of metastasis to regional lymph nodes was 58.3% in expanding type and 72.4% in infiltrative one. 3) The classification of 284 cases by Willis' method showed 45.8% of adenocarcinoma and 23.2% and of signet ring cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma anaplastic carcinoma had high degree of desmoplasia. Among them, moderately well differentiated adenocarcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma showed markedly lower metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes than others. 4) The classification of 284 cases by Mulligan and Rember's method showed 15.1% of intestinal cell carcinoma, 21.5% of pyloro-cardiac gland cell carcinoma and 61.6% of mucous cell carcinoma. Highly differentiated intestinal cell and pylorocardiac gland cell carcinomas and desmoplastic mucous cell carcinoma had high degree of desmoplasia. Among them, highly differentiated intestinal cell carcinoma and desmoplastic mucous cell carcinoma showed markedly low metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes. 5) Adenocarcinoma with good differentiation showed higher mean age and male predominancy in comparison to carcinoma with poor differentiation. 6) The degree of inflammatory reaction did not show significant difference in relation to the patterns of gastric carcinoma and the rate of regional node metastasis. However, according to the cell types involved in inflammatory reaction, plasma cell-predominant inflammatory reaction showed low metastatic rate to regional lymph nodes.
7) The more the degree of desmoplasia was observed, the less the rate of metastasis to regional nodes was noted and the difference was statistically significant. 8) The rate of metastasis to regional nodes showed marked difference by the depth of cancer invasion; confined to mucosa, 0% : to submucosa, 15.4%; to muscular layer, 66.7%; and to serosa and perigastric area, 76.5%. In summary, the results of this study indicated several factors suggesting good prognosis, such as; (1) expanding growth pattern, (2) good differentiation, (3) high degree of desmoplasia as stromal reaction, (4) plasma cell-predominant infiltration, and (5) lesser deep invasion. These factors were better evaluated by Mulligan and Rember's classification.
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